CSS Positioning:

Here is a full explanation what each positioning value means ("static", "relative", "absolute", "fixed" and "sticky"):

Static:

HTML elements are positioned static by default. Static positioned elements are not affected by the top, bottom, left, and right properties

An element with position: static; is not positioned in any special way; it is always positioned according to the normal flow of the page:

See the Pen Position: Static by Oliver Roeger (@uic-des) on CodePen.

Relative:

An element with position: relative; is positioned relative to its normal position.

Setting the top, right, bottom, and left properties of a relatively-positioned element will cause it to be adjusted away from its normal position. Other content will not be adjusted to fit into any gap left by the element

See the Pen Position: Relative by Oliver Roeger (@uic-des) on CodePen.

Absolute:

An element with position: absolute; is positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (instead of positioned relative to the viewport, like fixed). But the nearest ancestor (parent) element needs to be positioned "relative".

However; if an absolute positioned element has no positioned ancestors, it uses the document body, and moves along with page scrolling.

See the Pen Position: Absolute by Oliver Roeger (@uic-des) on CodePen.

Fixed:

An element with position: fixed; is positioned relative to the viewport, which means it always stays in the same place even if the page is scrolled. The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element.

See the Pen Position: fixed by Oliver Roeger (@uic-des) on CodePen.

Sticky:

An element with position: sticky; is positioned based on the user's scroll position.

A sticky element toggles between relative and fixed, depending on the scroll position. It is positioned relative until a given offset position is met in the viewport - then it "sticks" in place (like position:fixed).

See the Pen Position: Sticky by Oliver Roeger (@uic-des) on CodePen.